今日精选|Today’s Picks
📌 文章推荐|Recommended Reading
并查集(Union-Find)完全指南
并查集是一种处理不相交集合(Disjoint Sets)合并与查询的数据结构,核心操作只有两个:Find(查集)和 Union(合并)。在解决连通性问题(Connected Components)时表现出色,典型应用包括 Kruskal 最小生成树算法、网络连接判断、朋友圈问题等。
Union-Find is a data structure designed for managing disjoint sets with just two core operations: Find (path compression) and Union (by rank or size). It excels at solving connectivity problems — from Kruskal’s MST algorithm to social circle detection.
💡 核心要点|Key Concepts
- 路径压缩(Path Compression):在 Find 过程中将路径上所有节点的父节点直接指向根节点
- 按秩合并(Union by Rank):合并时让较小的树接到较大的树下,保持结构平衡
- 复杂度:近乎 O(α(n)),α 为 Ackermann 函数的反函数,近似常数
🔗 LeetCode 练习题|Practice Problems
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- 岛屿数量(Number of Islands)
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- 省份数量(Number of Provinces)
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- 冗余连接(Redundant Connection)
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- 连通网络的操作次数
每天进步一点点,一年后的你会感谢现在努力的自己。 A small daily improvement compounds over time. Be proud of today’s work. 💪